Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 42

Leadership - Essay Example This kind of leader does not involve the employees in decision making and rather decisions are made at the top and followed by the employees. McGregor categorized second kind of leaders as leaders who follow theory Y. These leaders are those who believe that employees are interested in working. These leaders empower their employees and provide them with the responsibility as well as the authority to make decisions and implement them in order to complete tasks (Jewell et al., 1994). Unlike leaders who follow Theory X, these leaders do not believe in excessive supervisor of the followers and believe that followers should have the freedom to work on their own. Due to empowerment as well as lower level of supervision, followers feel motivated to work on their own and they solve problems as well as perform tasks in a creative manner. The leadership style that James Cain of Water Brands Group follows is open-minded leadership style. This leadership style is based on McGregor’s leadership theory called theory Y. McGregor proposed that, leaders who follow theory Y leadership tend to empower employees. Similarly, Cain who follows an open-minded leadership style provides empowerment to his followers and employees (Pandit, 2005). He does not believe in making decisions on his own. Instead Cain involves his employees in the decision making process by carefully listening to them and then involving their ideas in the making decisions and solving problems faced by the organization. Theory Y states that employees are naturally interested in working and are ready to take responsibility. Cain is following theory Y because he believes that the people working for him and his followers are the assets of his organizations. This means that he has immense trust in the followers and is quite confident about their knowledge, skills and abilities. Due to this

United Arab Emirates Essay Example for Free

United Arab Emirates Essay United Arab Emirates represent a federation of seven Emirates: Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah, Ajman, Umm-al-Quwain, Ras al-Khaimah, al-Fujairah. It was in the year 1971 the federal set up of these individual emirates was established which was the ninth year after oil was successfully exported from this Middle Eastern region. Until then the emirates remained tiny independent nations with no boundaries or basic necessities of newspapers, telephones, and even electricity (Tomkinson, 1975; Taryam, 1987; Codrai, 1990). Within a short span of time the export of oil has made the United Arab Emirates an extremely rich nation in that the country was ranking the wealthiest nation in the world at one point of time, on the basis of per capita income. The Gross National Product (GNP) of the nation at that point was US $ 28,000 – approximately close to US $ 100,000 considering the UAE nationals alone (Abdullah, 1985). The revenue from the oil exports accounted for almost 88 percent of the total income of the nation during the period 1975 – 1985 (Faris, 1996). With the help of ‘Oil’ UAE could break regional, and even international records in respect of the pace of urban development and the rate of economic growth. Despite the economic superiority the socio-economic scenario of the country poses a striking contradiction. It is a surprising fact that still 80 to 90 percent of the advance urban population coexists with some of the traditional systems of social interaction, gender-segregation, and tribalism. The socio-institutional format of the present day UAE is characterized by the mixed presence of tribalism, Islamism, urbanism, modernism, consumerism, and the welfare state which represent the vitally important components of the economy.

Overview Of Fractional Distillation Environmental Sciences Essay

Overview Of Fractional Distillation Environmental Sciences Essay Definition: A process by which components in a chemical mixture are separated according to their different boiling points. Vapours from a boiling solution are passed along a column. The temperature of the column gradually decreases along its length. Components with a higher boiling points condense on the column and return to the solutions; components with a lower boiling points pass through the column and are collected. Fractional distillation is used to separate mixtures of miscible liquids, such as ethanol and water. The process depends on the components of the mixture having different boiling points. The liquid is heated so that it turns into a gas. The vapours pass up a fractionating column where they are gradually cooled. As each of the components of the mixture cools to its boiling point, it turns back into a liquid. The different components of the mixture condense at different levels in the fractionating column and thus may be separated. Laboratory setup Fractional distillation in a laboratory makes use of common laboratory glassware and apparatuses, typically including a Bunsen burner a round-bottomed flask and a condenser as well as the single-purpose fractionating column. Apparatus Fractional distillation apparatus using a Liebig condenser. A conical flask is used as a receiving flask. Here the distillation head and fractionating column are combined in one piece. heat source, such as a hot plate with a bath, and ideally with a magnetic stirrer. distilling flask, typically a round-bottom flask receiving flask, often also a round-bottom flask fractionating column distillation head thermometer and adapter if needed condenser, such as a Liebig condenser, Graham condenser . vacuum adapter . Standard laboratory glassware with ground glass joints, e.g. quickfit apparatus. Discussion , Consider the distillation of a mixture of water and ethanol. Ethanol boils at 78.4  Ã‚ °C while water boils at 100  Ã‚ °C. So, by gently heating the mixture, the most volatile component will concentrate to a greater degree in the vapor leaving the liquid. Some mixtures form azeotropes, where the mixture boils at a lower temperature than either component. In this example, a mixture of 96% ethanol and 4% water boils at 78.2  °C, being more volatile than pure ethanol. For this reason, ethanol cannot be completely purified by direct fractional distillation of ethanol-water mixtures. The apparatus is assembled as in the diagram. (The diagram represents a batch apparatus, as opposed to a continuous apparatus.) The mixture is put into the round bottomed flask along with a few anti-bumping granules (or a Teflon coated magnetic stirrer bar if using magnetic stirring), and the fractionating column is fitted into the top. As the mixture boils, vapor rises up the column. The vapor condenses on the glass platforms, known as trays, inside the column, and runs back down into the liquid below, refluxing distillate. The column is heated from the bottom. The efficiency in terms of the amount of heating and time required to get fractionation can be improved by insulating the outside of the column in an insulator such as wool, aluminium foil or preferably a vacuum jacket. The hottest tray is at the bottom and the coolest is at the top. At steady state conditions, the vapor and liquid on each tray are at equilibrium. Only the most volatile of the vapors stays in gaseous form all the way to the top. The vapor at the top of the column, then passes into the condenser, which cools it down until it liquefies. The separation is more pure with the addition of more trays (to a practical limitation of heat, flow, etc.) The condensate that was initially very close to the azeotrope composition becomes gradually richer in water. The process continues until all the ethanol boils out of the mixture. This point can be recognized by the sharp rise in temperature shown on the thermometer. Typically the example above now only reflects the theoretical way fractionation works. Normal laboratory fractionation columns will be simple glass tubes (often vacuum jacketed, and sometimes internally silvered) filled with a packing, often small glass helices of 4 to 7 mm diameter. Such a column can be calibrated by the distillation of a known mixture system to quantify the column in terms of number of theoretical plates. To improve fractionation the apparatus is set up to return condensate to the column by the use of some sort of reflux splitter (reflux wire, gago, Magnetic swinging bucket, etc.) a typical careful fractionation would employ a reflux ratio of around 10:1 (10 parts returned condensate to 1 part condensate take off). In laboratory distillation, several types of condensers are commonly found. The Liebigcondenser is simply a straight tube within a water jacket , and is the simplest (and relatively least expensive) form of condenser. Industrial distillation Image 2: Typical industrial fractional distillation columns Distillation is the most common form of separation technology used in petroleum refineries, petrochemical and chemical plants , natural gas processing and cryogenic air separation plants. In most cases, the distillation is operated at a continuous steady state .New feed is always being added to the distillation column and products are always being removed. Unless the process is disturbed due to changes in feed, heat, ambient temperature, or condensing, the amount of feed being added and the amount of product being removed are normally equal. This is known as continuous, steady-state fractional distillation. Industrial distillation is typically performed in large, vertical cylindrical columns known as distillation or fractionation towers or distillation columns with diameters ranging from about 65 centimetres to 6 metres and heights ranging from about 6 metres to 60 metres or more. The distillation towers have liquid outlets at intervals up the column which allow for the withdrawal of different fractions or products having different boiling points or boiling ranges. By increasing the temperature of the product inside the columns, the different hydrocarbons are separated. The lightest products (those with the lowest boiling point) exit from the top of the columns and the heaviest products (those with the highest boiling point) exit from the bottom of the column. For example, fractional distillation is used in oil refineries to separate crude oil into useful substances (or fractions) having different hydrocarbons of different boiling points. The crude oil fractions with higher boiling points: have more carbon atoms have higher molecular weights are more branched chain alkanes are darker in color are more viscous are more difficult to ignite and to burn Figure 1: Diagram of a typical industrial distillation tower Large-scale industrial towers use reflux to achieve a more complete separation of products. Reflux refers to the portion of the condensed overhead liquid product from a distillation or fractionation tower that is returned to the upper part of the tower as shown in the schematic diagram of a typical, large-scale industrial distillation tower. Inside the tower, the reflux liquid flowing downwards provides the cooling needed to condense the vapors flowing upwards, thereby increasing the effectiveness of the distillation tower. The more reflux is provided for a given number of theoretical plates, the better the towers separation of lower boiling materials from higher boiling materials. Alternatively, the more reflux provided for a given desired separation, the fewer theoretical plates are required. Figure 2. Crude oil is separated into fractions by fractional distillation. The fractions at the top of the fractionating column have lower boiling points than the fractions at the bottom. The heavy bottom fractions are often cracked into lighter, more useful products. All of the fractions are processed further in other refining units. Fractional distillation is also used in air separation, producing liquid oxygen, liquid nitrogen, and highly concentrated argon. Distillation of chlorosilanes also enable the production of high-purity silicon for use as a semiconductor. In industrial uses, sometimes a packing material is used in the column instead of trays, especially when low pressure drops across the column are required, as when operating under vacuum. This packing material can either be random dumped packing (1-3 wide) such as Raschig rings or structured sheet metal. Typical manufacturers are Koch, Sulzer and other companies. Liquids tend to wet the surface of the packing and the vapors pass across this wetted surface, where mass transfer takes place. Unlike conventional tray distillation in which every tray represents a separate point of vapor liquid equilibrium the vapor liquid equilibrium curve in a packed column is continuous. However, when modeling packed columns it is useful to compute a number of theroticalplates to denote the separation efficiency of the packed column with respect to more traditional trays. Differently shaped packings have different surface areas and void space between packings. Both of these factors affect packing perfor mance. Design of industrial distillation columns . Figure 3: Chemical engineering schematic of typical bubble-cap trays in a distillation tower Moreover, the efficiencies of the vapor-liquid contact devices (referred to as plates or trays) used in distillation columns, as seen in Figure 3, are typically lower than that of a theoretical 100% efficient equilibrium stage. Hence, a distillation column needs more plates than the number of theoretical vapor-liquid equilibrium stages. An indication of numbers: the separation of two compounds with relative volatility of 1.1 requires a minimum of 130 theoretical plates with a minimum reflux ratio of 20.. With a relative volatility of 4, the required number of theoretical plates decreased to 9 with a reflux ratio of 0.66. In another source, a boiling point difference of 30  °C requires 12 theoretical plates and, for a difference of 3  °C, the number of plates increased to 1000. The reflux ratio is the ratio of the amount of moles returned as refluxed liquid to the fractionating column and the amount of moles of final product, both per unit time. OTHER USES OF FRACTIONAL DISTILLATION: An essential oil is a concentrated, hydrophobic liquid containing volatile aromatic compounds extracted from plants. It may be produced by distillation, expression, or solvent extraction. Essential oils are used in perfumery, aromatherapy, cosmetics, incense,medicine, household cleaning products, and for flavoring food and drink. They are valuable commodities in the fragrance and food industries. Essential oil is also known as volatile oil and ethereal oil. It may also be referred to as oil ofthe raw plant mat 1 White spirit White spirit, also known as Stoddard solvent is a paraffin-derived clear, transparent liquid which is a common organic solvent used in painting and decorating. It is a mixture of saturated aliphatic and alicyclic C7 to C12 hydrocarbons with a maximum content of 25% of C7 to C12 alkyl aromatic hydrocarbons. White spirit is used as an extraction solvent, as a cleaning solvent, as a degreasing solvent and as a solvent in aersonal. paints, wood preservatives, lacquers, varnishes, and asphalt products. In western Europe :2-Propan-1-ol Propan-1-ol is a primary alcohol with the formula CH3CH2CH2OH. It is also known as 1-propanol, 1-propyl alcohol n-propyl alcohol, or simply propanol. It is used as a solvent in the pharmaceutical industry, and for resins and cellulose esters. It is formed naturally in small amounts during many fermentation processes. Propan-1-ol Chemical properties. 1-Propanol shows the normal reactions of a primary alcohol. Thus it can be converted to alkyl halide. 3-Acetone: In chemistry acetone (also known as propanone, dimethyl ketone, 2-propanone, propan-2-one and beta-ketopropane) is the simplest representative of the ketones. Acetone is a colorless mobile flammable liquid with melting point at -95.4  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ °C and boiling point at 56.53  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ °C. It has a relative density of 0.819 (at 0  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ °C). It is readily soluble in water, ethanol, ether, etc., and itself serves as an important solvent. The most familiar household use of acetone is as the active ingredient 4-Cashew The Cashew (Anacardium occidentale) is a tree in the flowering plant family Anacardiaceae. The plant is native to northeastern Brazil, where it is called by its Portuguese name Caju (the fruit) or Cajueiro (the tree). It is now widely grown in tropical climates for its cashew nuts and cashew apples. Originally spread from Brazil by the Portuguese, the cashew tree today can be found in all regions with a sufficiently warm and humid climate. What appears on the tree to be the fruit of the cashew tree is an ov 5- Cracking chemistry In petroleum qeology and chemistry, cracking is the process whereby complex organic molecules (e.g. kerogens or heavy hydrocarbons) are converted to simpler molecules (e.g. light hydrocarbons) by the breaking of carbon-carbon bonds in the precursors. The rate of cracking and the end products are strongly dependent on the temperature and presence of any catalysts. Cracking chemistry Applications. In an oil refinery cracking processes allow the production of lightproducts (such as LPG and gasoline) from 6 Perfume Perfume is a mixture of fragrant essential oils and aroma compounds, fixatives, and solvents used to give the human body, objects, and living spaces a lasting and pleasant smell. The amount and type of solvent mix with the fragrance oil dictates whether a perfume is considered a perfume extract, Eau de parfum, Eau de toilette, or Eau de Cologne. Perfume Obtaining odorants. Before perfumes can be composed, the odorants used in various perfume compositions must first be obtained. Synthetic odorants are produce 7- Chemical oxygen demand In environmental chemistry, the chmical oxygen demand (COD) test is commonly used to indirectly measure the amount of organic compounds in water. Most applications of COD determine the amount of organic pollutants found in surface water (e.g. lakes and rivers), making COD a useful measure of water quality. It is expressed in millgrams per liter (mg/L), which indicates the mass of oxygen consumed per liter of solution. Older references may express the units as parts per million (ppm). Chemical oxygen demand Over 8- Nitrogen Nitrogen is the chemical element in the periodic table that has the symbol N and atomic number 7. Commonly a colorless, odorless, tasteless and mostly inert diatomic non-metal gas, nitrogen constitutes 78 percent of Earths atmosphere and is a constituent of all living tissues. Nitrogen forms many important compounds such as amino acids ammonia nitric acid, and cyanides. Nitrogen Notable characteristics. Nitrogen is a non-metal, with an electronegativity of 3.0. It has five electron 9- Alkane Purification and use Alkanes are both important raw materials of the chemical industry and the most important fuels of the world economy. The starting materials for the processing are always natural gas and crude oil. The latter is separated in an oil refinery by fractional distillation and processed into many different products, for example gasoline. The different fractionsof crude oil have different boiling points and can be isolated and separated quite easily: within the individual fra , 10-Essential oil Production Main high-volume products turpentine; orange, lemon, mint and citronella are essential oils. Prior to the discovery of distillation, essential oils were extracted by pressing, and this is still the case in cultures such as Egypt. Traditional Egyptian practice involves pressing the plant material, and then burying it in unglazed ceramic vessels in the desert for a period of months to drive out water, the water having a smaller molecular size diffuses through the ceramic vessels while the larger essential oils do not. The lotus oil in Tutankhamuns tomb, which retained its scent after 3000 years sealed in al 11-Kerosene Distillation Kerosene is obtained from the fractional distillation of petroleum at 150 °C and 275 °C [carbon chains from the C12 to C15 range). Typically, kerosene directly distilled from crude oil requires some treatment, either in a Merox unit or a hydrotreater, to reduce its sulfur content and its corrosiveness. Kerosene can also be produced by a hydrocracker, which is used to upgrade the parts of crude oil that w

male and female relationships Essay -- essays research papers

Female vs. Male Friendships   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Male and female friendships are different and alike in many ways. They differ in how men and women can relate to each other both physically and emotionally. Men and women also differ in the communication aspect. In both friendships, there is a certain level of competitiveness, and the friends obviously will have the same interest in common. Friendships will differ from person to person because of the different personalities, but there will be the same likes and differences.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Physical and emotional closeness definitely is different for men and women friendships. Women can be physically close to each other and be very comfortable, for example sleeping in the same beds, holding hands, hugging and kissing on the cheeks. Whereas male friendships, would never be that comfortable doing the things that women do. The closest males will get, would be patting each other on the butt when there is a good play on the field. Males and females are taught early by their elders that line not to cross with the same sex. Women are taught to be more intimate while men are taught that intimacy is somewhat seen as a weakness. Emotionally women differ from men because they are more open with their feelings. Women can cry and express their feelings with no inhibitions, while once again crying for a man would be seen as a sign of weakness. Female friendships can somewhat be seen as a stronger relationship for the ... male and female relationships Essay -- essays research papers Female vs. Male Friendships   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Male and female friendships are different and alike in many ways. They differ in how men and women can relate to each other both physically and emotionally. Men and women also differ in the communication aspect. In both friendships, there is a certain level of competitiveness, and the friends obviously will have the same interest in common. Friendships will differ from person to person because of the different personalities, but there will be the same likes and differences.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Physical and emotional closeness definitely is different for men and women friendships. Women can be physically close to each other and be very comfortable, for example sleeping in the same beds, holding hands, hugging and kissing on the cheeks. Whereas male friendships, would never be that comfortable doing the things that women do. The closest males will get, would be patting each other on the butt when there is a good play on the field. Males and females are taught early by their elders that line not to cross with the same sex. Women are taught to be more intimate while men are taught that intimacy is somewhat seen as a weakness. Emotionally women differ from men because they are more open with their feelings. Women can cry and express their feelings with no inhibitions, while once again crying for a man would be seen as a sign of weakness. Female friendships can somewhat be seen as a stronger relationship for the ...

Mali of manila zoo-IR

Old who has patiently fed and pampered â€Å"Mali† for 10 years. While an animal rights manage confronts that Manila zoo's lone elephant is suffering physically and psychologically, her â€Å"best friend† has come out to let out sentiments to the contrary. He's still the same, never been uncared-for, only those People's Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) people who are making slanderous statements about the condition of Mali are saying that she is sick, they are all untrue, Noel said.PETA embers brought Richardson, a California-based elephant specialist for 40 years, to see Mali and later released a report on her condition, which he said was based on his visual inspection of the 38-year-old Mali is healthy. On a daily basis from morning and all through-out the day they kept the zoo clean especially Mali's place and also for the people who visits the zoo. Manila zoo being one of the top attractions in Manila hundreds of people go over every day. Mali is really well-take n cared by his keeper, they serve plenty of foods for her including her cage, huge and always aintained clean.She eats meal twice a day, in the morning the zoo keeper serves her with Loaf bread, 5 kilos of sweet potatoes, 100 pieces of bananas, 5 kilos of carrots, 5 pieces of pineapples and a total of 180 kilos of grasses 5 bundles in the morning and 5 the afternoon. When her favourite food, Grasses are already decayed her keeper will immediately replace it with fresh ones. Zoo keepers like Noel has a daily report containing checklist for animals including their health observations, so doctors will be immediately be informed if animals are okay or sick.Mali's cuticle ailment was treated with the use of sand, they put up a sand pool inside his cage when Mali started to scrub it all over her body her cuticles started to brake. After every 3 months the keeper replace sand pool with fresh sand delivered with a huge truck. Mali's way of thinking was adopted from the hundreds people who v isits her, her way of thinking is almost like a human being, Noel said. The Red Coca-Cola truck who regularly delivers beverage to stores inside the zoo was banned to pass-by Mali's ecause cage whenever she sees it she becomes hysterical, running scared around her cage and even experience LBM.She was placed in a red truck when she was still a kid after separating to her parents. Elephant's memories are sharp. Even after decades of not seeing a person she can still remember it. Noel needs to leave Mali and go to province for family matters, after 2 years of not seeing her zoo keeper, Mali can still remember Noel, not all people are friends with Mali they still need to go hrough a hard training before making Mali at ease with them, Noel said.Asked if needs a companion inside his cage Noel answered † Yes , it could be but they will not be kept in the same cage because it might cause trouble† they need to be at ease and have closure first before putting them in one cage, Jus t like other animals even if you belong in the same breed it's the first time they see each other and theyre unacquainted chances are they will beat each other. Mali can survive without a companion, sne was able to live by nerselt tor 38 years now.

Free Essays on Computer History

The Computer Only once in a lifetime will a new invention come about to touch every aspect of our lives. Such a device that changes the way we work, live, and play is a special one, indeed. A machine that has done all this and more now exists in nearly every business in the U.S. and one out of every two households (Hall, 156). This incredible invention is the computer. The electronic computer has been around for over a half-century, but its ancestors have been around for 2000 years. However, only in the last 40 years has it changed the American society. From the first wooden abacus to the latest high-speed microprocessor, the computer has changed nearly every aspect of people's lives for the better. The very earliest existence of the modern day computer's ancestor is the abacus. These date back to almost 2000 years ago. It is simply a wooden rack holding parallel wires on which beads are strung. When these beads are moved along the wire according to "programming" rules that the user must memorize, all ordinary arithmetic operations can be performed (Soma, 14). The next innovation in computers took place in 1694 when Blaise Pascal invented the first "digital calculating machine". It could only add numbers and they had to be entered by turning dials. It was designed to help Pascal's father who was a tax collector (Soma, 32). In the early 1800's, a mathematics professor named Charles Babbage designed an automatic calculation machine. It was steam powered and could store up to 1000 50-digit numbers. Built in to his machine were operations that included everything a modern general-purpose computer would need. It was programmed by-and stored data on-cards with holes punched in them, appropriately called ÒpunchcardsÓ. His inventions were failures for the most part because of the lack of precision machining techniques used at the time and the lack of demand for such a device (Soma, 46). After Babbage, people began to lose interest in com... Free Essays on Computer History Free Essays on Computer History The Computer Only once in a lifetime will a new invention come about to touch every aspect of our lives. Such a device that changes the way we work, live, and play is a special one, indeed. A machine that has done all this and more now exists in nearly every business in the U.S. and one out of every two households (Hall, 156). This incredible invention is the computer. The electronic computer has been around for over a half-century, but its ancestors have been around for 2000 years. However, only in the last 40 years has it changed the American society. From the first wooden abacus to the latest high-speed microprocessor, the computer has changed nearly every aspect of people's lives for the better. The very earliest existence of the modern day computer's ancestor is the abacus. These date back to almost 2000 years ago. It is simply a wooden rack holding parallel wires on which beads are strung. When these beads are moved along the wire according to "programming" rules that the user must memorize, all ordinary arithmetic operations can be performed (Soma, 14). The next innovation in computers took place in 1694 when Blaise Pascal invented the first "digital calculating machine". It could only add numbers and they had to be entered by turning dials. It was designed to help Pascal's father who was a tax collector (Soma, 32). In the early 1800's, a mathematics professor named Charles Babbage designed an automatic calculation machine. It was steam powered and could store up to 1000 50-digit numbers. Built in to his machine were operations that included everything a modern general-purpose computer would need. It was programmed by-and stored data on-cards with holes punched in them, appropriately called ÒpunchcardsÓ. His inventions were failures for the most part because of the lack of precision machining techniques used at the time and the lack of demand for such a device (Soma, 46). After Babbage, people began to lose interest in com...

The Holocaust

The Holocaust refers to any widespread human disaster, but it is more widely known as the almost complete destruction of the Jews in Europe by Nazi Germany. During the 19th century, European Jewry was being emancipated, and, in most European countries, Jews achieved some equality of status with non-Jews. Nonetheless, at times Jews were vilified and harassed by anti-Semitic groups. Indeed, some anti-Semites believed that Jewry was an alien "race" not assimilable into a European culture, but they did not formulate any coherent anti-Semitic campaign. In 1940, Germany began sending Jews to Concentration Camps, a place where selected groups of people (Jews) are confined, usually for political reasons and under inhumane conditions. One of the largest concentration camps was located thirty-seven miles west of Krakow, Poland. Auschwitz was the camp where Jewish people were worked and killed. This camp, out of all the rest tortured the most people. Auschwitz began as a barracks camp in the town of Oswiecim, for the polish army in the early 1930's. Germany then captured Poland and needed another location for Polish political prisoners. In 1940, the German SS sent a commission to Oswiecim to see if the barracks there could be used. The first inspection reported that it could not be used, however, a later inspection stated that after a few minor changes it would be useable. On May 4, 1940 Rudolf Hoss officially established it as a German concentration camp. Hoss was Auschwitz's first commandant. Auschwitz was originally intended for Polish political prisoners and other Poles. In June of 1940, the first load of prisoners arrived. 728 Poles and a handful of Jews. Soon, though, it became a melting pot of prisoners. Male Czechs, Soviets, Yugoslavs, Jews, and Gypsies; were housed there. Not until 1942 did women arrive. In January of 1942 it was decided that Auschwitz would become the main Jewish exterm...

Terraria Guide (Editor) Essays

Terraria Guide (Editor) Essays Terraria Guide (Editor) Paper Terraria Guide (Editor) Paper Project Information: https://code. google. com/p/tsge/ Project Updates: https://code. google. com/p/tsge/downloads/list Bug Reports, Issues, and Suggestions: https://code. google. com/p/tsge/issues/list Donations: https://www. paypal. com/cgi-bin/webscr? cmd= .. :: What TSGE? ::. TSGE (which stands for Terraria Save Game Editor) is a save game editor that allows players to modify their save game files (profiles) and adjust their characters. .. :: What can TSGE do? : TSGE is a FULL save game editor. It can edit all parts ofa save game file. TSGE can edit the following: * Player name. * Difficulty setting. * Male / female character flag. * Hotbar locked status flag. * Health / Mana. * Player colors. * Player hair style. * Player buffs / debuffs. * Player inventory. * Player equipment. (Including all armor, dyes, etc. ) inventories. * Player bank and safe TSGE does not currently include an editor for server entries but upon request it can/will be added. At this time there was no demand for it before though. .. :: IS TSGE Cheating? Technically, yes. Using TSGE gives you the ability to give yourself every and any advantage of having items that others may not have. However, since the data is stored on your computer, editing the file(s) is not illegal. FAQ Q. Where can I find new versions of TSGE? A. https://code. google. com/p/tsge/ Q. TSGE wont load; help! A. Make sure you have . NET 4. 0 installed, as well as the XNA framework redistributable. . NET 4. 0 : microsoft. com/en-us/download/ details . aspx? id=17851 XNA Redist. : microsoft. om/en-us/download/ etails. aspx? id=20914 Q. Can you add a feature to TSGE? A. Sure, make a ticket here and explain the feature you want: code. google. com/p/tsge/issues/list Q. I found a bug, issue, typo, etc. A. Great, report it here: https://code. google. com/p/tsge/issues/list :: Legal Info Terraria (c) Redigit / wrww. terraria. org https:// I, atomOs, claim no ownership to the trademark Terraria or any of its content, data, images, etc. The data used in TSGE is copyright (c) to Redigit / Terraria. All rights reserved. :: TSGE License TSGE is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. TSGE is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. see the GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with TSGE. If not, see .

Chapter 5 Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Chapter 5 - Coursework Example The agency also deals with economic oriented issues such as pest invasion and development of legitimate trade. Ideally, the CBP is meant to create a supportive business environment for US businesses by reinforcing trading regulations and discourage illegal trade. The Immigration and Customs Enforcement (IEC) is the largest investigative arm of the DHS. The agency identifies and assesses boarder-related vulnerabilities (Siegel, & Worrall, 2011). In addition, the agency is responsible for improving transportation, economic and infrastructural security. The agency is dependent on timely and accurate analysis of intelligence data collected through the Office of Intelligence. Finally, The Secret Service is charged with personal security of the US president, the vice president, high-level officials, and their families. Firstly, the secret service gathers intelligence information on threats against the white House and other state offices and buildings. Secondly secrete service investigates cases of identity theft, counterfeiting and cyber crimes targeting government’s online services, financial institutions and telecommunication services. Thus, the agency deals with sophisticated crimes that threaten U.S’s institutional and social

Effects Of The Commercial Culture On The Society Essay

Effects Of The Commercial Culture On The Society - Essay Example However, the private ownership and associated profit motive of economic ventures induce adverse effects on the society while some opinions identify economic benefits. The validity of the claim, therefore, depends on identifiable effects of the commercial culture on the society. The society has continually faced problems that range from economic to political, and fingers point to the commercial culture of capitalism and the media. The profit motive in the commercial sector plays an important role in food that people eat and to a great extent account for effects of other consumables. The emergence of economic concepts of cost minimization towards optimal profits plays a core role as capitalists seek less costly strategies to productions and marketing strategies for market control. In the food industry, for example, industrialization has transformed eating habits to commercially processed foods that are rich in chemicals and fats and expose consumers to eating disorders such as overweight. Using the media to penetrate into new markets also influences consumers towards the capitalists’ products and increases incidences of effects of industrial products (Twitchell 1). Economic effects of capitalism also support the claim that the commercial culture is responsible for depression and associated disorders among members of the society. Unlike in socialist culture where the society owns resources and collectivism ensures needs of every member of the society, capitalism concentrates excessive resources on a few individuals while a majority of members of the society remain in poverty and have to struggle for their needs. Human suffering due to lack of basic needs or wants, therefore, flourish in the society while a non-capitalist system would have resolved such conditions. The condition worsens by capitalists’ selfish interest that seeks to increase the capitalists’ possession at the expense of the working class  that mainly lives in poverty.

Conversation Topics for business occasions Essay

Conversation Topics for business occasions - Essay Example Awareness of these goals provides the subordinates with a direction so that they can equip themselves with the skills required to be eligible for the opportunities lying ahead. The subordinate should particularly try to ask the boss how he/she would be involved in the project. The subordinate should try to consent with the boss over the basic approach and standards. The subordinate should share with the boss what he/she thinks the ideal approach is and then he/she may ask the boss for input. â€Å"Be sure you understand upfront what the guiding principles are for the work — not just the tactical elements. These principles are what you should be discussing with your boss† (Chatman cited in Gallo, 2011). In addition to that, the chances of subordinates’ consideration for those opportunities by the boss are enhanced because the boss has already discussed the plans with them. A very good and informative topic of discussion is technology. Discussing latest technologic al research and products with a boss not only sets a good impression upon the boss, but also forms a very interesting topic of discussion. These days, with the pace of technological development being so fast, there is a lot to discuss. Subordinates can discuss the innovative features of the latest gadgets, draw comparison between the newest and the old models of gadgets, discuss whether a particular gadget is worth investing money in or not, and most importantly, whether a certain gadget can be used to improve the business they are concerned with in some way. Business meetings are very suitable occasions to discuss innovative ideas in. Subordinates can suggest to a boss how the use of a new gadget can help them in the business operations, and how it can be integrated into the organizational culture. This impresses upon the boss that the subordinates are very knowledgeable, hard working, and can contribute to the development of the organization. Politics might be a good topic of disc ussion with a boss in a business meeting provided that the subordinates can consent with the boss’s opinion and show respect for his/her views. Nevertheless, it is a risky topic to discuss with a boss because many people have emotional connections with their political parties and when they discuss politics, they indulge into a heated argument with the critics. If this happens between a boss and a subordinate, it is not good for the relationship. While discussing politics, it is recommendable for the subordinates to first listen to the boss’s stance, if they can agree with that, they should discuss it; if they cannot, they should either remain silent or try to change the topic articulately. Every topic that is discussed in a business meeting between a boss and the subordinates does not necessarily have to relate to business. Sports is another very interesting and engaging topic to discuss with a boss on a business meeting. Meetings are wonderful occasions for discussing sports because the boss and the subordinates are having a one-to-one discussion, and have sufficient time to discuss such things. This is different from the daily interaction that happens in the office which is constrained by limited time and pressure of work. â€Å"During the frenetic work week, they encounter the boss as the source of discipline, assignments, occasional reprimands and, typically, very little personal chit

What forms of evidence have been used by social scientists in stidies Essay

What forms of evidence have been used by social scientists in stidies of crime - Essay Example Social scientists link the crime to society and find the rate of crime, criminal behaviour and other aspects of crime as a social issue with the support of different methodologies of finding and gathering data related to crime. For studying crime, different methods are adopted such as commonsense approach in which, the researcher becomes â€Å"acquainted with people around him/her, the community, business, politics or any social issue† (Sutherland, et al 2005, 78) and the systematic study of individuals in which, the individuals who are involved in crime directly or indirectly are studied or the statistical details related to their arrest, conviction or involvement (Sutherland, et al 2005). The systematic study of individuals takes into consideration statistics, individual case study, analytical induction, participant observation and the experimental method (Sutherland, et al 2005, 78). Burfeind and Bartusch (1992) inform about interdisciplinary approach, case studies, analytical induction, ethnography, ecological analysis and survey research. The statistical evidence of study of crime deals with statistical analysis in terms of correlation between the crime and any social condition (Burfeind and Bartusch 1992). There is no hard and fast rule that the analysis should be between certain aspects. It can be correlated between crime and any other aspect of society. The social scientists use this form of evidence to study crime prevalent in society along with many other methods. Individual case study is another form of evidence used by social scientists. In this form of evidence, the study of crime is based on an individual crime, this means that the social scientist gets engaged into analyzing only a person involved in a criminal activity and bases his study on only that individual (Burfeind and Bartusch 1992). This form is also advantageous as the study is specifically connected to one person and is somehow limited. Interdisciplinary approach to study

History and politics of primary education Essay

History and politics of primary education - Essay Example The Butler Act, also known as the 1944 Education Act, aimed at providing education for all school going children between the ages of 5 and 14. The Act stipulated that secondary education start at 11-years-old. In addition, it created a framework by which a ministry managed school affairs but the schools themselves were managed by Local Education Authorities (LEAs). However, the duration of school days, term dates, and the syllabus stayed under local management (Freedman, Lipson & Hargreaves, 2008:29). The Butler Act also included requirements for Church Schools. The schools were to be incorporated into the state system using various arrangements, and the operating expenses of the Church Schools were to be borne by LEAs but remaining responsible for religious education in the syllabus. Although not stipulated by the Act, the consensus was that grammar schools were to be retained by the creation of a Tripartite framework in which students were to be enrolled in three variants of school s. Besides the grammar schools, there were to be secondary contemporary schools and technical schools. Grammar schools were to admit the most capable 20 percent of the students (determined using the 11-plus tests) and were better financed compared to other schools. In addition, most of the teachers held degrees (Gorard, 2009:105). Various LEAs employed different admission criteria, but majority implemented types of intelligence assessments – supposing that intelligence was uniform and estimable to the extent where an individual’s ability was known by the age of 11. However, numerous injustices soon became common. Grammar school slots were mainly fixed, implying that the challenges of admission to a grammar school deviated based on how many students were in a specific category. Comprehensive schools intended to offer education opportunities to children from all

Google Bike Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Google Bike - Essay Example Our current market research indicates that 20 inch wheel diameter is not comfortable with the majority of the rides; hence we will stoke bikes with wider wheel diameter to beat our competitors. Further, more our bikes will cost relatively low for the first years to attract more customers as we brand our company. Market Research And Analysis Our store will be located in Dallas and California among other mountainous regions. This would help attract more customers. Our team conducted a comprehensive market research and the findings will be applied in making major decisions. The company will stock bikes with wider diameter wheels for good speed and comfort. Currently, our competitors are stocking a 20 inch diameter wheel, and this is not appreciated by the customers. Customers complain of carrying huge amount of cash to such stores in major parts of the US, hence, will incorporate Visa services to enable easy and comfortable transactions. A good number of US citizens suffer from obesity and respiratory complications due to lack sufficient exercise. Google bikes would provide them a good opportunity to burn some calories and maintain good health. The majority of US citizens prefers cycling or walking to work places due to several reasons like expensive fuel, environmental conservation strategy and enjoying the natural weather among others, hence the company will stock quality Google bikes with comfortable design at affordable prices to workers or individual who prefer cycling to driving to work places (Abrams, 216). There is an increasing trend of collages establishment, this would mean increased number of students who prefer cycling to school, thus increased demand or market. Our competitors are prone of running out of stock mores o during summer or other holidays. Our company will adopt a supply chain that ensures that orders are made in good time to limit chances of running out of stock, customers are always turned away whenever they visit any store only to reali ze their preferred item is out of stock. Our biggest competitor will be Mashable Company whose bikes is expensive and uncomfortable, since they come in 20 inch wheel diameter. Financial Plan The latest Good ride’s financial report indicates that the company made a net profit of about $ 3 billion in the year 2012, from the sales of spare parts. To venture into Google bike business, it is estimated that a total of $ 2.5 million will be needed. The company financial team has done the financial analysis and ascertained that the company will employ both equity and debit capital. The equity capital will see the company raise about $ 1.5 million from its asset liquidification or from previous profits. The debit capital would see the company seek about $ 1.0 million loan from regional or national banks among other loaning institutions. It is estimated that the company is likely to make an annual net profit of $2.0 billion from the sale of Google bikes. The company will use 0.005% of the profit to settle the loan, however, the company will seek more loans to further expand the business while repaying the current loan, but all this will depend on the customers’ turn out. Economics Of The Business Currently, there is a good demand of Google bikes from the increasing trend of colleges’ establishment, rise in fuel prices and increase in outdoor activities like picnic, bike riding and bike rides among others. Good ride would take advantage of its competitors’

What forms of evidence have been used by social scientists in stidies Essay

What forms of evidence have been used by social scientists in stidies of crime - Essay Example Social scientists link the crime to society and find the rate of crime, criminal behaviour and other aspects of crime as a social issue with the support of different methodologies of finding and gathering data related to crime. For studying crime, different methods are adopted such as commonsense approach in which, the researcher becomes â€Å"acquainted with people around him/her, the community, business, politics or any social issue† (Sutherland, et al 2005, 78) and the systematic study of individuals in which, the individuals who are involved in crime directly or indirectly are studied or the statistical details related to their arrest, conviction or involvement (Sutherland, et al 2005). The systematic study of individuals takes into consideration statistics, individual case study, analytical induction, participant observation and the experimental method (Sutherland, et al 2005, 78). Burfeind and Bartusch (1992) inform about interdisciplinary approach, case studies, analytical induction, ethnography, ecological analysis and survey research. The statistical evidence of study of crime deals with statistical analysis in terms of correlation between the crime and any social condition (Burfeind and Bartusch 1992). There is no hard and fast rule that the analysis should be between certain aspects. It can be correlated between crime and any other aspect of society. The social scientists use this form of evidence to study crime prevalent in society along with many other methods. Individual case study is another form of evidence used by social scientists. In this form of evidence, the study of crime is based on an individual crime, this means that the social scientist gets engaged into analyzing only a person involved in a criminal activity and bases his study on only that individual (Burfeind and Bartusch 1992). This form is also advantageous as the study is specifically connected to one person and is somehow limited. Interdisciplinary approach to study

Google Bike Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Google Bike - Essay Example Our current market research indicates that 20 inch wheel diameter is not comfortable with the majority of the rides; hence we will stoke bikes with wider wheel diameter to beat our competitors. Further, more our bikes will cost relatively low for the first years to attract more customers as we brand our company. Market Research And Analysis Our store will be located in Dallas and California among other mountainous regions. This would help attract more customers. Our team conducted a comprehensive market research and the findings will be applied in making major decisions. The company will stock bikes with wider diameter wheels for good speed and comfort. Currently, our competitors are stocking a 20 inch diameter wheel, and this is not appreciated by the customers. Customers complain of carrying huge amount of cash to such stores in major parts of the US, hence, will incorporate Visa services to enable easy and comfortable transactions. A good number of US citizens suffer from obesity and respiratory complications due to lack sufficient exercise. Google bikes would provide them a good opportunity to burn some calories and maintain good health. The majority of US citizens prefers cycling or walking to work places due to several reasons like expensive fuel, environmental conservation strategy and enjoying the natural weather among others, hence the company will stock quality Google bikes with comfortable design at affordable prices to workers or individual who prefer cycling to driving to work places (Abrams, 216). There is an increasing trend of collages establishment, this would mean increased number of students who prefer cycling to school, thus increased demand or market. Our competitors are prone of running out of stock mores o during summer or other holidays. Our company will adopt a supply chain that ensures that orders are made in good time to limit chances of running out of stock, customers are always turned away whenever they visit any store only to reali ze their preferred item is out of stock. Our biggest competitor will be Mashable Company whose bikes is expensive and uncomfortable, since they come in 20 inch wheel diameter. Financial Plan The latest Good ride’s financial report indicates that the company made a net profit of about $ 3 billion in the year 2012, from the sales of spare parts. To venture into Google bike business, it is estimated that a total of $ 2.5 million will be needed. The company financial team has done the financial analysis and ascertained that the company will employ both equity and debit capital. The equity capital will see the company raise about $ 1.5 million from its asset liquidification or from previous profits. The debit capital would see the company seek about $ 1.0 million loan from regional or national banks among other loaning institutions. It is estimated that the company is likely to make an annual net profit of $2.0 billion from the sale of Google bikes. The company will use 0.005% of the profit to settle the loan, however, the company will seek more loans to further expand the business while repaying the current loan, but all this will depend on the customers’ turn out. Economics Of The Business Currently, there is a good demand of Google bikes from the increasing trend of colleges’ establishment, rise in fuel prices and increase in outdoor activities like picnic, bike riding and bike rides among others. Good ride would take advantage of its competitors’

Gm Swot Analysis Essay Example for Free

Gm Swot Analysis Essay General Motors Company is an American multinational automotive corporation headquartered in Detroit, Michigan. One of the top automaker companies in the world. General Motors most well known as GM has purchase several brands over the years. Everything started with William â€Å"Billy† Durant who was the founder of General Motors on September 16, 1908 (History and Heritage) Durant was a manufacturer of horse-drawn vehicles in Flint, Michigan but saw great opportunities in the automobile industry. As demand grew over the years so did GM. The automobile company bought Chevrolet, Vauxhall and Opel. GM opened many plants inside and outside the United States and they wanted to create â€Å"a car for every purse and purpose† (History and Heritage) World War I and II were hard times for every company but GM found opportunities on consumers who were eager to purchase goods that were not possible during war. The key to the success of GM was the innovative designs that made consumers felt in love such as Chevrolet Corvette and BelAir, Cadillac El Dorado. At the same time, the company supplied the Allies during war with trucks, tanks and airplanes. GM made a lot of money and more importantly learn from this experience. However, everything was not perfect as companies need to keep innovating and adjusting in order to keep leading an industry. Foreign automakers companies from Japan and Germany made efforts to compete against GM and export cars to the United States that were smaller and had better gas mileage and they were also better for the environment. This new types of cars brought interest to consumers and GM started experiencing losses in the market. Since GM was a large company it was very difficult to change direction. In order to compete against foreign companies, GM had to reorganize the company and compete as a single global company. In addition, GM purchase more brands to get a better variety of vehicles but the company still could not keep pace of the fuel efficient and space of other foreign companies that were growing and taking part of the market share of GM. In spite of everything, GM keeps working hard to regain share from competitors and the fuel efficient is a key area to improve. Nowadays there are other sources of energy such as electric vehicle technology and hydrogen powered fuel-cell. GM was making big efforts to compete but a recession occurred during 2008 and the company filed for bankruptcy. The U.S. treasury gave a loan to General Motors to continue in business and restructure its operations. Nowadays, GM is a more lean company and it has restructure it is operations in order to be more focus on the market. GM has experience great sales and is selling more cars outside the U.S in key markets. Consequently, GM is the leading automaker company in China, Brazil, United Kingdom, Germany and United States. GM has a new face, they have restructure the organization and the company has a new business model with a new vision and experience employees that understand what it takes to be the leading automaker company in the world. GM is focus on delivering the world’s best vehicles with nice designs, efficient fuel and good prices. At the same time, they have learnt from the past that geographically, the demand for cars are different so they have work on delivering cars depending on the continent in which they are working. GM knows that in order to be a leading company they cannot just sell cars; they have to sell the right car to the right market. GM has shown that they are capable of having the latest technology with the Chevrolet Volt and they would keep innovating to satisfy customers demand in every space in the globe. Finally GM wants to have a proactive approach instead of a reactive approach and they know that they need a proactive approach to stay on top of the industry and define the industry standards. GM knows that they still have weaknesses in the company such as a large company that it is difficult to control. At the same time, foreign companies such as Honda, Toyota, Nissan, Kia, Volkswagen have gain customers loyalty and it would be a challenge for GM to gain market share from them. Other weakness of GM would be the complex supply chain of the company since it is a large company and it would have different components from different manufacturers and it is very difficult to keep track of all the orders. GM needs to develop a way to have a low fuel efficient in all of their vehicles because most people know that American cars spend lots of gas. The opportunities of GM are several. GM has many models that are parts of the automobile industry and they have redesign some models so people would buy them. Also they have the support of the U.S government and they are able to give better loan to customers. GM is also present in emerging markets. For example, China is experiencing grow in their automobile industry because more Chinese people are able to afford one. GM is well position in China and they have learnt from joint venture what Chinese people is looking in a car. Moreover, they have restructured the business model of the company and they are aware of their competitive advantage and they know the areas in which they have to improve. The threats face by GM could be the rise of fuel price or the innovation of a competitor that would provide a car to customer that uses a cheaper energy to use it. Also, competitor may improve their designs, prices or quality. Another threat may be the car sharing service or a new Chinese policy that disrupts businesses in China. In my opinion, the biggest threat of GM is the fuel economy standards. The company would need to work harder in this area to get even better than the leading automakers in this area which is Honda and Toyota. To conclude, I believe that GM is doing a great job having a leaner operations and selling different models in each continent since the situation in America is definitely not the same as in Europe. However, they need to work very hard to stay in business because other companies are gaining customers’ loyalty and improving every year. Works Cited â€Å"This is the New GM†. 2010 Annual Report. General Motors Company, n,d. Web. 16 Jan. 2013. History and Heritage. History and Heritage. General Motors, n.d. Web. 16 Jan. 2013.

Age Of Enlightenment Classicism Versus Romanticism English Literature Essay

Age Of Enlightenment Classicism Versus Romanticism English Literature Essay The age of enlightenment classicism which ran from 17th to 18th century had the following values: In classicism, both nature and human nature are governed by reason simply because reason is valued over mere imaginations. People are basically good and with freedom, they are capable of making a perfect society that not only guarantees freedom but also values social over individual or personal. Things are done in collection as a society and not at an individual basis. In terms of day to day life, everything is done in order, balance and harmony with a tradition consideration. Classicism actually influenced classical period in classical music. Talking of classicism, we have a period called romanticism. This period follows classicism and it is thought as a rebellious to socio-cultural and aesthetics mode of conduct that was being practiced by then. Idealization and rationality are highly rejected with valuing of emotions and intuition over reason. Things are done in emotions and prefer the senses over the intellect. Here, personal or individual is valued over the society. The beauty as well as mystery of nature is greatly appreciated. Therefore, the focus is on the human nature taking into considerations the personality, the moods, passions as well as inner struggles. This period influenced romantic period in classical music. Starting with aesthetic/theatrical issue, I will consider music. Music of the classical period was characterized by the following features. The music sounded light with clear textures to the ears and this was a major factor that kept people listening to the classical and neoclassical hymns. The music was composed of short melodies with clear cut pleasures. The rhymes and the structure of the music always kept attention to the balance, order and proportion as well as the importance of the structure. Sonata form development was also greatly adhered to. Examples in this context include: Mozarts Sonata No. 7 in C, K. 309 and Mozarts Concerto Nr. 17 in G major. Talking of music, music of the romantic period had the following features. The music emphasized on the powerful expression of emotions that not only involved love but also other types of emotions like death or hate. There is also rise of the virtuoso performer with larger orchestra, larger range of pitch as well as volume of the music. The music also entrenches rich harmonies as well as more use of chromaticism. Considering the music themes, the music gives interest in themes that relates to far off lands, nature, dreams and more so the supernatural or the mysterious. Examples of music of the romantic period include Beethovens Moonlight Sonata and Rachmaninovs Piano Concerto No. 2 in C minor, Op. 18. Considering the social-cultural aspect, classicism culminated several years of western culture including politics and philosophy that were stated by Romans and Greeks that led to liberal western democracy. Socially, classicism considered men and women as socially equal with same right to life, liberty and to pursuit of happiness. Priority was given to the use of reason in solving social issues with universal ideas and principles put into consideration to create a common ground while still giving room for the individuals, religions and cultures. Talking of social-cultural organization, Romanticism reacted to the aspect practiced in classicism in a rebellious manner. The culture of reason and universal became obsolete since the war and social injustices were on a rising edge and many societies were still oppressed. Therefore, romanticism replaced universalism with individualism (uniqueness of every culture) and reason with passion and struggle. This was now the new approach and solution to problems that occurred during classicism. Political Analysis: Tartuffe Letter of a Contemporary Performance At the time I entered the theatre, all the seats were almost full. Audience from different political and social classes had already arrived and set for the play. Being a male middle class person working as a journalist, I had to find myself a seat in front in an area created for the general public to be able to focus on the event and at the same time gather some reports about the performance and other reactions. Of course the VIPs had their special arrangement set for them with a different price from the rest. In the theatre, present were audience from different social classes. I only managed to identify two classes being the high class and the general public. The high class individual had seats reserved for them in a separate compartment of the theatre from the general public. The mode of dressing could tell everything. As an audience, I went to have fun, laugh, enjoy the performance and learn some few lessons from the play. Before the event kicked off, the manager of the theatre we lcomed all the audience with specific emphasis on the powerful artists and politicians who were present. This is the time I realized that even the monarch was present at the event. As the performance kicked off, people could not tell exactly what the theme of the play was to be until some two performers came on stage to remind us that this was a play and not a real life situation. Normally, events that take place in a theatre represent real life situation and this was the expectation of most of the audience present. However, Moliere broke this convention to make the audiences believe that a theatre is merely an establishment and that whatever that was going on was a play and not a real life event. The aspect of the performance that made a great impact on me and also to the audience was the theme of the performance. Focusing on the theme of the performance which was this is a play and not real life, the audiences were often reminded that this was a play and not a real life. This idea gathered support from other things including the presence of two men who were wearing masks and actors performance dressed in black dresses and capes. They acted a role of separating the play scenes by sometimes hiding performers and also acting as a door to separate the performance. Personally, I think there presence on stage was to give support to the idea that this was a play and not a real life event. The idea was also supported by various gestures and mimes which sounded exaggerated. What I did not like about the play was actually the subject which was related to the present society. Despite being in its originality, it sounded ordinary and did not make me remember it and think of it after the play. However, there was totally no boredom among the audience and I could tell this from the sounds, cheering and the facial expression from the audience. This was because of the tempo which was kept constant and took the attention of the audience at all times me included. Other things that kept the audience away from bored were the lighting up system during the performance which kept on changing and the background music whose speed was directed as the acting went on. The dressing mode of the actors was also another appealing feature of the day. Generally, I enjoyed the performance, laughed a lot and from the facial expression, cheering and reaction of other spectators, I believe they also enjoyed the play. It was wonderful. Psychological Analysis: Character Subtext or Motivation for Passion Life is a dream Life is a dream is a Spanish age play set during the mythical version of the Polands kingdom. The play reveals the story of Basilio who decides to send his son, Segismundo to prison at birth with a reason that the astrological studies he has been undertaking has given him a fear that this son might grow up and become rebellious or be a tyrant to his authority. Calderon gives a first hand consideration to two forces of free will and determinism which appears to contrast each other in this fable as the forces responsible and required to shape human character as well as destiny. Considering the subplot, we find Rosaura who seeks to look for Astolfo for dishonoring her after the marriage promise. The problems examined by Calderon are mostly related to vengeance and honor. In this paper, I will narrow down to the psychology of one character in this play called Segismundo and his struggle for his passions. The issue I will be focusing on is his struggle to overturn his destiny and liberty. Segismundo being the son of the king of Poland, Basilio, lived a life of not even knowing his identity due to his fathers fear that he might turn his back on him following the astrological studies. At birth, he was imprisoned after his fathers charting with his horoscope which revealed to him that his son will grow up and be a treacherous son as well as a savage ruler. After some time, his father devised rules that eventually freed his son from prison and gave him the power of a king just for a day. But because of the brutality and the cruelness of his son, the father finally confirmed his fear and ordered him to be returned back to the prison. However, after his liberation from the tower for the second time, he struggles a lot and overcomes his brutality as well as his earlier predestined identity. This is what we call struggle for passion. The culture of the Hispania at that particular time lied in the horoscopes revealing. But we see Segismundo struggling to overturn his destiny and his predestined identity. According to how he describes himself and also how other people describes him, Segismundo is actually a beast or simply force of nature. He is normally clothed with things like animal skins and he is fond of contrasting himself with fish and other animals like snakes, streams as well as volcanoes. Just before he is taken to court, Clotaldo comes in and fills his mind to become an image of an eagle. Considering the meaning of his name, it stands contrary to the predatory imagery and the happenings that are surrounding him and signifies his triumph for his unchangeable fate that is written in the stars. His name Segism undo which means victory and protector according to the Germans justifies his ending when Rosaura comes in his picture and awakens new perception in him. Through her, Segismundo gets to understand the meaning of honor. Rosaura completely parallels Segismundos actions and serves as his guide eventually succeeding in converting him. Therefore, Segismundo eventually succeeds in fulfilling his struggle for passion and liberty with conversion into a loyal person unlike the Hispanias horoscope predetermined his destiny. Personally, I consider this as a fight and struggle for passion and overturn of nature. Video Report Script Coverage Title of the film: The New World Director: Terence Malick Screenwriter: Terence Malick Stars: Colin Farrell, Qorianka Kilcher and Christopher Plummer Log Line: a one or two line summary of the film A film or a drama featuring an explorer called John Smith and the 17th century clash that existed between English settlers and the Native Americans Plot Synopsis The 17th century explorer John Smith and some other few men goes up the river to engage in trade with the Indian counterparts where he falls in love on mere befriending of the princess Pocahontas. At this time he was in love, Smith was to still perform his roles and responsibilities as the present of the Jamestown as well as face the challenges that befall him on which path to choose between staying with the fallen apart colony or decide to move up the river in the world to love Pocahontas. With time, the Indians come to realize that the English does not mean to leave and therefore, they decide to launch some attacks against them. However, some of the English men at the fort decides to capture Pocahontas and makes her their hostage to protect them from being attacked by the Indians. The king of Jamestown orders immediate eviction of smith from the town and at the same town a wealth tobacco planter comes in to settle in the town. While living there, Pocahontas adopts the English cultu re and again falls in love with this tobacco planter called John Rolfe. Finally she finds herself falling apart in making a decision on who between the two to dedicated to. Discussion The major themes that were evident in the film were love and death. The theme of love becomes evident when Smith goes up the river to meet natives and carry out trade for their necessities like food. Instead, Smith survives alone out of the whole brigade and meets a beautiful lady called Pocahontas whom he falls in love with. But because the two are from different cultural backgrounds one being English and another being native American, their true love is hindered from being ideal. Although there are some scenes of intimacy between the two, sexuality is not emphasized but the acts of talking and staring at each other are given priority. Because the father of Pocahontas was the king of the Jamestown in which Smith had gone, he becomes so upset with his daughter for falling in love with an English man. Being capable (king) of doing anything to Smith, Pocahontas decides to risk her life and protect Smith from being killed. She does this until Smith is finally evicted out of the town saf ely. She risks her life to protect Smith and others from being attacked by the Asians by being their hostage. The issues that evolve in this film are about faith. Towards the end of the film, we find the long held traditions of the Indian never to be converted into Christianity are broken when Pocahontas decides to get baptized and be converted into a Christian. She is quoted praying to the lord to help her be humble. This is not normal as the Indian rejects Christianity and at no time will you find one of them being converted to a Christian. The point of connection that is evident in the film between historical culture, time period and theatrical tradition comes towards the end when all the traditional ties are broken and various cultures merged including change of religion. Pocahontas finally marries Rolfe who adopted the English culture. The audience that will find this movie interesting and appealing are the grown ups who are eighteen years and above. This is because they understand emotions, religion and love. Young people may find it not good due to some scenes of long kissing and others that suggest nudity. Personally, the themes were good and the characters demonstrated the themes in a perfect manner. The direction and visual story telling was of high quality and appealing and the general story was flowing. However, the only thing that I dint like about this film is the way Christianity was portrayed. The English were portrayed as cruel and uncivilized people while the Indians portrayed as humble, civilized and welcoming people. To me, Christianity is about declaration that everyone is a sinner by nature and needs to repent.

Essay on Satire in Lysistrata -- Lysistrata Essays

Satire in Lysistrata Satire is a literary manner built on wit and humor with a critical attitude directed to human institutions and humanity. A successful satiric play will show certain truths about society and then try to improve upon them. Satire is meant to be constructive rather than destructive. Aristophanes uses satire in Lysistrata to convey many different themes such as war and peace, the struggles of power and class, and the life and death issues that are seen in war. Satire is successfully used and seen in Lysistrata by stereotyping women in general and then the different classes of women as well. Double entendres are seen throughout the play to help add humor to the play. Sex is used as humorous tool but only to covey a deeper theme that consists of war and peace and also of life and death. Aristophanes stereotypes women as bickering, self-centered, unintelligent people in the beginning. They are sex driven and selfish. Lysistrata is upset that the women are late for the very important meeting "Here I've called a meeting to discuss a very important matter, and they're all still fast asleep" (180). Calonice sums up what women are thought to do all day, and also what they represent to their households; "The women! What could they ever do that was any use? Sitting at home putting flowers in their hair, putting on cosmetics and saffron gowns and Cimberian see-through shifts, with slippers on our feet?" (181). It is in fact these very frivolous ideas that are used to bring peace to the two cities. Throughout the play Aristophanes begins to knock down ... ... convey deeper themes of life and death, the struggles between power and class structure and also the societal differences between men and women. Aristophanes uses humor to hook his audience into his play, and then undermines the surface humor with much bigger thematic issues. If this play had simply been about women withholding sex for other reasons such as wanting more money for shopping or other frivolous ideas it would not then be considered a satiric comedy. Satire requires more than physical humor. An issue must be raised such as the life and death theme that is seen in the war in Lysistrata, and a solution must then be made. Aristophanes created the women in the beginning to be bickering, unintelligent, and self-centered people. But in the end it was their idea and compromise that ended the war.

Smallville and its popularity :: essays research papers fc

Smallville vs. other Superman series   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Man, throughout the ages, has looked to the stars with great amusement and curiosity. Wondrous stories are born of these magical, glimmering specs in the sky. Stories of tragedy, magic and heroism. These stories entertain and more, they give us hope. A tale of the stars like no other is the one of Superman, protector of planet Earth.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  As said by the Superman stories, Clark Kent was discovered by Martha and Jonathan Kent shortly after a meteor shower hit the town of Smallville. Martha insisted on keeping the young boy and taking him into their family. Clark grew up on a farm helping out with chores and being loved by his human mother and father. The only difference with Clark’s upbringing was that in the comics, he was just a baby when discovered by the Kents. In â€Å"Smallville† he was a boy about 6 years of age when he was found.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This very scene I speak of has been played over and over in television besides the WB hit, â€Å"Smallville† (Kal-El). For example:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"In the 1990's cartoon Pinky and the Brain, The Brain tracks down Superman's rocket ship and tries to raise Clark himself, with Pinky. Fortunately, the super baby turns out to be too much for the Brain, as changing diapers requires an oxygen suit, and the tiny kid of steel uses his heat vision to blast the lab rat. Baby Clark makes his way back to the field where he landed and where the Kents find him.† (Kal-El)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The most famous version of this scene is shown in the Superman Movie with Glenn Ford playing Jonathan Kent and Phyllis Thaxter playing Martha Kent (Smallville). In this version the Kents find Clark and he displays his powers right away instead of demonstrating them over his teenage years like in the â€Å"Smallville† series.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  It was so smart for someone to answer everyone’s questions as to how Clark grew up by giving them the front row seat to Clark’s teenage years. Especially since in any other version of Superman all we knew of was when he was discovered and when he was already â€Å"Superman†.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Martha and Jonathan Kent have changed in the stories as well. All of the Superman stories have the Kents as an elderly couple in their sixties (Superboy). The 1978 movie version shows the Kents older and so does the Lois and Clark TV series.

James Rachels and Psychological Egoism Essay

Psychological Egoism pertains to the doctrine where the object of all human actions is for the attainment of their self-interests. It occurs even in a situation wherein the acting agent seems to do a particular thing for the benefit of other people because it the very idea that he has able to do good for others may bring satisfaction to him. Psychological Egoism tends to create a bad characterization on the nature of man. It appears that man, in its state of nature, would only act so as to gratify his own interests and get all the things that would satisfy or that are pleasurable for him. As introduced earlier, the mere act of helping other people, just like sacrificing one’s enjoyment for the benefit of other people may showcase the principle of psychological egoism. To reiterate the point of the psychological egoism, all the ends of man is directed towards the attainment of pleasure. Hence, the reason why a person sacrifices his own enjoyment is for his own sake, or for his won pleasure. Therefore, he is not being unselfish but still selfishly acting. In this manner, the concept of altruism may not really be possible for the very reason, as presented above (that all acts are geared towards the gratification of self-interests even if an action seems selfless) that there is no really such thing as selflessness but always involves one self. Many people have been hooked with this belief that man is naturally selfish (negative or positive selfishness is still a form of selfishness). As a result, people try to use the principle of psychological egoism to defend their criminal or unjust acts. As how asserted, they are justly doing what their nature asks them to be – that they are acting naturally. But as how Socrates proved Glaucon wrong for saying that an unjust life is always beneficial than a just life, James Rachels attempted to evaluate the arguments held by the advocate of the psychological egoist in saying that man by nature is selfish and that it is natural that all his actions should be for his own pleasure. Rachels’ refutation against psychological egoism starts in his distinction of what it is to be called as selfish and what it is to be called not selfish. For Rachels, selfishness implies that all actions that are for the benefit of oneself and not considering their effects to other people. At the same time, Rachels elaborated the very idea of not being selfish. Not being selfish pertains to an act in which the acting agent considers the feelings or the welfare of other people recognizing the fact that he might do what could give him more pleasure but doing the other act so as to arrive at mutual or common benefit. The common misconception that most people have in considering the doctrine of psychological egoism is that for an act to be named as unselfish is to be able to bring advantages to other people but not getting anything from it. This is obviously the misinterpretation which tends to mislead those who find psychological egoism plausible. Rachels suggests that unselfishness does not necessarily mean absence of any advantage for the acting agent. The idea of being unselfish is that a person might only do things for his own good without taking into consideration other people’s well being but because he recognizes that others may also do the same action against him (considering the concept of justice), then he would not just act for his own sake. What Rachels want to emphasize in the book is the fact that the issue is not on the problem if selflessness is really possible. But what he sees is the fact that selfishness and unselfishness is really different from each other. The mere fact that a person consider how his friend would feel is he will stay with him during his hard times would really not make him selfish. Though he feels happy for helping his friend it does not follow that he isa acting egoistically. He satisfies himself and at the same time he brings good to his friend. And that is unselfishness for Rachels. The arguments of Rachels are so significant in a sense that he really brings out the object of the debate and the misconception imposed by the principle of psychological egoism – that is the distinction of selfishness from unselfishness, and the irrelevance of selflessness in the discussion. Rachels’ recommendations or interpretations against the psychological egoism is viable for the simple reason that one should consider the welfare of others in order that he could also expect that in return, others would also do the same thing. For Socrates, that is what the concept of justice is all about; and the same thing for Rachels. In essence, Rachels’ arguments against the doctrine of psychological egoism presuppose that man is not naturally bad or evil as how the advocates or proponents of psychological or ethical egoism say. He implies that the genuine nature of man is the fact that he looks for other people, he has compassion for them, and he recognizes that he does not only live for himself. In return, the greater good is achieved because if everyone would have the same attitude and realization about the world and mankind then all would be confident that they would not be unjustly treated by others or simply used as means to their ends. To sum up and conclude, Psychological Egoism proved nothing but the truest essence of justice. Rachels successfully shared a very interesting and very enlightening truth about the flaws of the psychological egoism. The debate was not if selflessness is possible or not. But the main argument is whether man could act unselfishly which Rachels proved to be possible. Considering the welfare of other people and at the same time being benefited by the same act was a very delightful idea that was effectively conveyed through Rachels’ arguments.

Bose Marketing Structure

A History of Bose Bose Corporation was founded in 1964 by Dr. Amar G. Bose, then professor of electrical engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. As an MIT grad student in the 1950s, Dr. Bose decided to purchase a new stereo system. He was disappointed to find that speakers with impressive technical specifications failed to reproduce the realism of a live performance. The quest for better sound was on. Extensive research in the fields of speaker design and psychoacoustics—the human perception of sound—led to the groundbreaking 901 ® Direct/Reflecting ® speaker system in 1968.Its unprecedented approach to sound reproduction came much closer to the essence and emotional impact of live music, and won immediate acclaim. The list of major Bose innovations continues to grow. Fourteen years of research led to the development of acoustic waveguide speaker technology, found in our award-winning Wave ® radio, Wave ® music system and Acoustic Wave ® musi c systems. Acoustimass ® speaker technology reshaped conventional thinking about the relationship between speaker size and sound, enabling palm-sized speakers to produce audio quality previously thought impossible from speakers so small.Auditioner ® audio demonstrator technology removed the guesswork from sound system design for arenas and other large venues. It allows builders, architects and facility managers to hear precisely what a Bose ® system will sound like in their building, before any equipment is installed, even if the building only exists as a blueprint. Bose Lifestyle ® systems provided a welcome alternative to conventional component-based systems by offering fully integrated home entertainment solutions. Lifestyle ® systems deliver award-winning performance and elegance from elements specifically engineered to work together.The systems approach has paved the way for numerous Bose solutions, audio and beyond. Integrated systems account for the acclaimed perfor mance of Bose automotive sound systems and Acoustic Noise Cancelling ® headsets. The revolutionary Bose suspension system and ElectroForce ® linear motion system rely on proprietary Bose software and hardware working together in harmony. All feature technologies available only from Bose. Today, you can find Bose wherever quality sound is important. From the Olympic games to the Sistine Chapel. From NASA space shuttles to the Japan National Theatre.In the home and on the road, from large outdoor arenas to intimate neighborhood stores, restaurants and clubs, you can hear the realism of the most respected name in sound—Bose. | Organisational Structure of Bose Corporation – February 2nd, 2011 Bose Corporation (pronounced /? bo? z/) is a privately held organization, based in Framingham, Massachusetts, that specializes in audio equipment. [2] Founded in 1964 by Amar G. Bose, the company operates 5 plants, 151 retail stores (as of October 20, 2006) and an automotive subsi diary at Stow, Massachusetts. With respect to sales in the U. S. or home audio retail and portable audio retail sales, Bose was ranked third for the period of November 2008 to April 2009. [3] Bose is known for the 901 speaker series. CEO Amar Bose CFO Daniel Grady * Forming – during this stage of group development, the members get acquainted with each other. During this stage, the group establishes ground rules. * Storming – this stage is characterized by a high degree of conflict within the group. I consider the storming stage as the most crucial stage. In this stage, the group members and the leader have to resolve the issues that may affect the group in the future.If the group is unable to resolve the issues, it may be disbanded. If the issues are resolved the group will become cohesive. * Norming – during this stage, the group becomes more cohesive and identification as a member becomes greater. During this stage, the group members start to develop relations hips. * Performing – during this stage, questions about group relationships and leadership have been resolved and the group is ready to work. Each member devotes his/herself to getting the job done. * Adjourning – during this stage, the group will cease to exist. This is because it has met its goals and is no longer needed.Another interesting topic is group structure. Group structure refers to the characteristics of the stable social organization of the group, the way the group is ‘put together’. I learned that the way the group is structured affects its performance and ability to function. Through class discussions, I learned about the factors that affect group performance. * Size – the size of the group affects its ability to function. I learned that is best to maintain a small group with 10 members. In a small group, everyone feels needed and everyone is given responsibility. Nature of the task – the nature of the task affects the groupâ⠂¬â„¢s ability to function. The task should contain the right amount of challenge that will excite and push members to perform better. * Resources and support – adequate resources also affect group performance. * External recognition – rewards and recognitions are linked motivation.The members must feel that their work and efforts are valued. * Group composition – it is important to maintain a small group with diverse talents and skills. * N. B: Bose products are found in homes, theaters and large sports arenas. The U. S. ilitary and NASA have contracts with the company Bose Mission Statement The challenge of accurate music reproduction The ability to differentiate live music from all others is what makes its reproduction so challenging. The singular mission at the heart of Bose ® is to reproduce music as true to the original performance as possible. And that involves research, technology and a strong commitment to excellence. Bose Company Objectives Bose main tains an exceptionally strong commitment to research, for it is within the discipline of research that yesterday's fiction becomes tomorrow's reality.We strive to identify things which, when made better, improve people's lives. But it's more than just research. We aim for excellence in everything we do. From the way we run our business to our customer service. From the products to the owner's manuals you'll use to set them up. In everything we do, we truly believe that â€Å"good enough† is merely a starting point. We've taken our commitment and our passion for innovation and applied them to developing unique sound solutions to meet virtually any audio challenge in any application, even the space program.While many of our products are designed for entertainment and home audio solutions, you'll find Bose sound is prevalent in both the aviation and automotive industries, too. We've also designed professional sound systems for many applications, including stadiums and auditorium s, houses of worship, retail businesses, department stores and restaurants. Our commitment has served us well. Today, Bose has operations in the United States, Europe, Canada, Australia, Asia, the Caribbean, Central America and South America. The Bose ® Commitment to Customer SatisfactionAt Bose, an overriding goal is to create value for our customers by offering products and services that meet their needs. Our experienced sales and applications specialists strive to understand your specific testing needs, and then provide a solution for you. We put customers at the center of a dedicated focus on quality and service, and we measure success by the satisfaction of our customers. We are dedicated to bringing you products of superior quality and performance, and exceptional service so you can achieve your goals.

Angina Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Angina - Essay Example Pain occurring for few seconds or lasting for many hours and which is above the mandible and below the epigastrium is not due to angina (Alaeddini, 2006). Also, the intensity of angina does not change with respiration, cough, or change in position. Other symptoms include palpitations, exertional dyspnoea, diaphoresis, nausea and decreased exercise tolerance (Fenton 2007). Angina decubitus is a variant of angina that occurs typically in the night when the patient is in the recumbent position. Unstable angina is new-onset angina with significant recent increase in frequency and severity of angina, or angina at rest. The angina is of atleast class-III severity (Alaeddini, 2006). 1. Decreased myocardial blood supply due to increased coronary resistance in large and small coronary arteries due to coronary atherosclerotic lesion, coronary spasm, microvascular angina, systemic inflammatory or collagen vascular diseases, etc (Alaeddini, 2006). The major risk factors for atherosclerosis include family history of premature coronary artery disease, cigarette smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, or systemic hypertension. Other risk factors are LV hypertrophy, obesity, and elevated serum levels of homocysteine, lipoprotein-A, plasminogen activator inhibitor, fibrinogen, serum triglycerides, or low high-density lipoprotein (Alaeddini, 2006). The main stay of treatment for angina pectoris is sublingual nitroglycerin. It is used both for acute relief of symptoms and as prophylactic treatment during certain activities. Betablockers are also used for symptomatic relief of angina and prevention of ischemic events. Calcium channel blockers can be used to control anginal symptoms in patients with a contraindication to beta-blockers and in those in whom symptomatic relief of angina cannot be achieved with the use of beta-blockers, nitrates, or both (Alaeddini, 2006). Antiplatelet drugs like aspirin or clopidogrel are given to prevent

Bilingual Education in United State History Essay

Bilingual Education in United State History - Essay Example The influx of persons in the United States contributed a lot in shaping the policies that determined the Bilingual Education policy. The country witnessed many groups of people into the country like the natives, immigrants, and displaced people as a result of the World Wars amongst others. In this context, therefore, there was a dire need to lay procedures in place that would incorporate all these persons in the policies that surround Bilingual Education. In the colonial phase, the Bilingual Education schools, established before 1800, were not public and were mainly parochial schools. At this time, a great number of immigrants from Germany and France made a great initiative to come up with the Bilingual schools. Studies indicate that in these schools, English was taught amongst other subjects. Teipelke (p.1) indicates that these schools cannot be termed as bilingual schools, and probably non English schools would be a suitable name. In the mid 1850s, a mandate was passed by the Calif ornia Instruction Bureau that all schools should teach all subjects in English. By the 1870s, attempts to advance English in the country were seen. For instance, in St. Louis district, the school inspector, Mr. Harris, was gave the mandate to all teachers to start teaching English in kindergartens that incorporated German as the mode of instruction. In the late 1890s, the number of schools that used German as the mode of instruction recorded a downward trend. With this trend taking root in the United States, studies indicate that by the early 1900, there were numerous arguments that a good number of German immigrants needed to maintain their origins. The numbers of immigrants in the country were escalating; thus, a good number of individuals enrolled their children in German schools to acquire education in the German language. At this time, the United States had strengthened its muscle into joining the World War. Conflicts were evident among various countries. In relation to Bilingu al Education, key personalities of German origin needed complete abolition of German–English schools. In 1923, the State of Nebraska, following a court ruling, made a ruling that all schools in the state must use English as the only medium of instruction. All foreign languages were banned, and if needed to be taught, it had to be done after the 8th grade. English was made the first language of all persons in Nebraska, on the virtue that useful citizens can only be made through English. English was also made compulsory upon the basis that they would become good citizens and not jeopardize the state’s security. The period of 1927 was termed as the Farrington versus the Tokushige era. This era saw the upending of Hawaii’s restriction schools that taught foreign languages. In this era, parents of Japanese origin gave their arguments that they have the right to ensure their children access education despite the impositions that may be placed by the government. Most o f the parents argued that they are better placed to determine the kind of education their children should achieve, as compared to the government’s restriction. However, this was not bound to stop the government’s move to establish Bilingual Schools in the country. In the 1940s, the country witnessed a great expansion of the English Second Language programs. By 1963, the government had come up with Bilingual Educati